React Native CLI

reactnative.dev

Official React Native tooling from Meta for building cross‑platform iOS and Android apps with full native control using JavaScript and React.

Flutter

flutter.dev

Google’s UI toolkit and full cross‑platform framework using Dart to build natively compiled apps for mobile, web, and desktop from a single codebase.[2][3]

Ionic

ionicframework.com

Hybrid app framework that uses HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (Angular/React/Vue) running in a WebView, plus Capacitor/Cordova plugins to access native APIs.[2]

NativeScript

nativescript.org

Open‑source framework for building truly native iOS and Android apps using JavaScript or TypeScript, integrating with Angular or Vue when desired.[2][4]

Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile (KMM)

kotlinlang.org

JetBrains’ toolkit for sharing business logic in Kotlin across Android and iOS while keeping native UI layers on each platform.[2][4]

.NET MAUI

dotnet.microsoft.com

Microsoft’s cross‑platform framework for building native client apps with C# and .NET for Android, iOS, macOS, and Windows from a single codebase.[2][4]

Cordova

cordova.apache.org

Apache Cordova framework for packaging HTML, CSS, and JavaScript apps into native containers and exposing device capabilities via plugins.[2]

Capacitor

capacitorjs.com

Ionic’s modern native runtime that lets web apps written with JavaScript frameworks run on iOS, Android, and web, with first‑class plugin support for native APIs.[2]

Progressive Web Apps (PWA)

web.dev

Standards‑based web app approach using modern browser APIs to deliver installable, offline‑capable mobile experiences without native app stores.[4]

Swift and Kotlin (native development)

developer.apple.com

Direct native development using Swift for iOS and Kotlin for Android, offering maximum performance and platform‑specific control without a cross‑platform layer.[4]